innanzitutto grazie ad entrambi per la risposta, però il problema non è esattamente risolto.
1- le citazioni nel testo risultato in parentesi quadra e ma servono in parentesi tonda
2- nella bibliografia compare l’etichetta in parentesi quadra insieme al riferimento per esteso, e questa etichetta non dovrebbe esserci
3- mi preclude l’utilizzo di citazioni tipo \citet
natbib_ita è la prima volta che lo uso, ma natbib l’avevo già utlizzato per la tesi triennale inserendo le voci nell’ambiente \thebibliography come ho fatto ora… non capisco cosa ci sia che non va…
non so per quale motivo non compili l’esempio che ho portato, se può essere d’aiuto a trovare il problema riporto il codice completo
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\chapter*{Riassunto}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Riassunto}
\chapter*{Premessa}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Premessa}
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\tableofcontents
\listoftables
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Elenco delle tabelle}
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\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Elenco delle figure}
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\chapter{Introduzione}
\clearpage
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Bibliografia}
\begin{thebibliography}{}
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\bibitem[Ajioka \bet{et al}., 1995]{ajioka} Ajioka M., Enomoto K., Suzuke K., Yamaguchi A. (1995). Basic properties of polylactic acid produced by the direct polycondensation polymerization of lactic acid. \btit{Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.} 68, 2125–2131.
\bibitem[Almenar e Auras, 2010]{auras12} Almenar E., Auras R. (2010). Permeation, sorption, and diffusion in poli(lactic acid). In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 155–179. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
%[Burgentzelé \bet{et al}., 2004]{burgentzele} Burgentzelé D., Duchet D., Gérard J.F., Jupin A., Fillon B. (2004). Solvent-based nanocomposites coatings I. Dispersion of organophilic montmorillonite in organic solvents. \btit{J. Colloid Interf. Sci.} 278, 26–39.
\bibitem[Cava \bet{et al}., 2007]{cava} Cava D., Gavara R., Lagar\'{o}n J.M., Voelkel A. (2007). Surface characterization of poly(lactic acid) and polycaprolactone by inverse gas chromatography. \btit{J. Chromatogr. A} 1148, 86–91.
\bibitem[Coles, 2003]{coles} Coles R. (2003). Introduction. In Coles R., McDowell D., Kirwan M.J. \btit{Food Packaging Technology}, pp. 1–29. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK.
\bibitem[Conn \bet{et al}., 1995]{conn} Conn R.E., Kolstad J.J., Borzelleca J.F., Dixler D.S., Filer L.J.Jr, LaDu B.N.Jr, Pariza M.W. (1995). Safety Assessment of Polylactide (PLA) for Use as Food-contact Polymer. \btit{Food Chem. Toxicol.} 33(4), 273–283.
\bibitem[Datta e Henry, 2006]{datta} Datta R., Henry M. (2006). Lactic acid: recent advances in products, processes and technologies — a review. \btit{J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol} 81, 1119–1129.
\bibitem[de Azeredo, 2009]{deazeredo} de Azeredo H.M.C. (2009). Nanocomposites for food packaging. \btit{Food Res. Int.} 42, 1240–1253.
\bibitem[Dir. 76/893/CEE]{76/893/CEE} Direttiva 76/893/CEE del Consiglio del 23 novembre 1976. G.U.C.E. No. L340/19 del 9 dicembre 1976.
\bibitem[Dir. 82/711/CEE]{82/711/CEE} Direttiva 82/711/CEE del Consiglio del 18 ottobre 1982. G.U.C.E. No. L297/26 del 23 ottobre 1982.
\bibitem[Dir. 2002/72/CE]{2002/72/CE} Direttiva 2002/72/CE della Commissione del 6 agosto 2002. G.U.C.E. No. L220/18 del 15 agosto 2002.
\bibitem[D.M. 21/03/1973]{DM} Decreto Ministeriale del 21 marzo 1973. G.U.R.I. Supplemento Ordinario No. 104 del 20 aprile 1973.
\bibitem[D.P.R. 777/82]{DPR} Decreto del Presidente della Repubblica 23 agosto 1982 No. 777. G.U.R.I. No. 298 del 28 ottobre 1982.
\bibitem[Drumright \bet{et al}., 2000]{drumright} Drumright R.E., Gruber P.R., Henton D.E. (2000). Polylactic Acid Technology. \btit{Adv. Mater.} 12(23), 1841–1846.
\bibitem[EFSA, 2011]{EFSA} EFSA Scientific Committee (2011). Scientific Opinion on Guidance on the risk assessment of the application of nanoscience and nanotechnologies in the food and feed chain. \btit{EFSA Journal} 9(5):2140.
\bibitem[European Bioplastics]{eubiopl} European Bioplastics. Sito internet: \texttt{http://en.european-bioplastics.org}.
\bibitem[Fambri e Migliaresi, 2010]{auras9} Fambri L., Migliaresi., C. (2010) Crystallization and thermal properties. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 113–124. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Fukushima \bet{et al}., 2009]{fukushima} Fukushima K., Abbate C., Tabuani D., Gennari M., Camino G. (2009). Biodegradation of poly(lactic acid) and its nanocomposites. \btit{Polym. Degrad. Stabil.} 94, 1646–1655.
\bibitem[Garlotta, 2001]{garlotta} Garlotta D. (2001). A Literature Review of Poly(Lactic Acid). \btit{J. Polym. Environ.} 9(2), 63–84.
\bibitem[Gon\c{c}alves \bet{et al}., 2010]{auras8} Gon\c{c}alves C.M.B., Coutinho J.A.P., Marrucho I.M. (2010). Optical properties. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 97–112. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Groot \bet{et al}., 2010]{auras1} Groot W., van Krieken J., Sliekersl O., de Vos S. (2010). Production and purification of lactic acid and lactide. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 3–18. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Guilbert e Gontard, 2005]{hanagro} Guilbert S., Gontard N. (2005) Agro-polymers for edible and biodegradable films: review of agricultural polymeric materials, physical and mechanical characteristics. In Han J.H. \btit{Innovations in Food Packaging}, pp. 263–276. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK.
\bibitem[Gupta e Kumar, 2007]{gupta} Gupta A.P., Kumar, V. (2007). New emerging trends in synthetic biodegradable polymers — Polylactide: A critique. \btit{Eur. Polym. J.} 43, 4053–4074.
\bibitem[Han \bet{et al}., 2005]{hansurf} Han J.H., Zhang Y., Buffo R. (2005) Surface chemistry of food, packaging and biopolymer materials. In Han J.H. \btit{Innovations in Food Packaging}, pp. 45–59. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK.
\bibitem[Hartmann, 1998]{hartmann} Hartmann M.H. (1998). High molecular weight polylactic acid polymer. In Kaplan D.L. \btit{Biopolymers from Renewable Resources}, pp. 367–411. Springer, Berlin, Germany.
\bibitem[Holm \bet{et al}., 2006]{holm} Holm V.K., Mortensen G., Risbo J. (2006). Quality changes in semi-hard cheese packaged in a poly(lactic acid) material. \btit{Food Chem.} 97, 401–410.
\bibitem[Jiang \bet{et al}., 2010]{auras6} Jiang X., Luo Y., Tian X., Huang D., Reddy N., Yang Y. (2010). Chemical structure of poly(lactic acid). In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 69–82. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[John \bet{et al}., 2007]{john} John R.P., Nampoothiri K.M., Pandey A. (2007). Fermentative production of lactic acid from biomass: an overview on process developments and future perspectives. \btit{Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.} 74, 524–534.
\bibitem[Lim \bet{et al}., 2008]{lim2008} Lim L.-T., Auras R., Rubino M. (2008). Processing technologies for poly(lactic acid). \btit{Prog. Polym. Sci.} 33, 820–852.
\bibitem[Lim \bet{et al}., 2010]{auras14} Lim L.-T., Cink K., Vanyo T. (2010). Processing of poly(lactic acid). In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 191–215. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Karbowiak \bet{et al}., 2006]{karbowiak} Karbowiak T., Debeaufort F., Voilley A. (2006). Importance of Surface Tension Characterization for Food, Pharmaceutical and Packaging Products: A Review. \btit{Crit. Rev. Food Sci.} 46, 391–407.
\bibitem[Krikorian e Pochan, 2003]{krikorian} Krikorian V., Pochan D.J. (2003). Poly (\textsc{L}-Lactic Acid)/Layered Silicate Nanocomposite: Fabrication, Characterization, and Properties. \btit{Chem. Mater.} 15, 4317–4324.
\bibitem[Krishnamachari \bet{et al}., 2009]{krishnamachari} Krishnamachari P., Zhang J., Lou J., Yan J., Uitenham L. (2009). Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Clay Nanocomposites by Melt Intercalation: A Study of Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties. \btit{Int. J. Polym. Anal. Ch.} 14, 336–350.
\bibitem[Kubies \bet{et al}., 2006]{kubies} Kubies D., \v{S}\v{c}udla J., Puffr R., Sikora A., Baldrian J., Kov\'{a}\v{r}ov\'{a} J., \v{S}louf M., Ryp\'{a}\v{c}ek F. (2006). Structure and mechanical properties of poly(\textsc{L}-lactide)/layered silicate nanocomposites. \btit{Eur. Polym. J.} 42, 888–899.
\bibitem[Mensitieri \bet{et al}., 2011]{mensitieri} Mensitieri G., Di Maio E., Buonocore G.G., Nedi I., Oliviero M., Sansone L., Iannace S. (2011). Processing and shelf life of selected food packaging materials and structures from renewable resources. \btit{Trends Foos. Sci. Tech.} 22, 72–80.
\bibitem[Milana (2010)]{rijkIT} Milana M.R. (2010). National Legislation in Italy. In Rijk R., Veraart R. \btit{Global Legislation for Food Packaging Materials}, pp. 125–139. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH \& Co., Weinheim, Germany.
\bibitem[Nampoothiri \bet{et al}., 2010]{nampoothiri} Nampoothiri K.M., Nair N.R., John R.P. (2010). An overview of the recent developments in polylactide (PLA) research. \btit{Bioresource Technol.} 101, 8493–8501.
\bibitem[Nieddu \bet{et al}., 2009]{nieddu} Nieddu E., Mazzucco L., Gentile P., Benko T., Balbo V., Mandrile R., Ciardelli G. (2009). \btit{React. Funct. Polym} 69, 371–379.
\bibitem[Obuchi e Ogawa, 2010]{auras28} Obuchi S., Ogawa S. (2010) Packaging and other commercial applications. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 457–467. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Papageorgiou \bet{et al}., 2010]{papageorgiou} Papageorgiou G.Z., Achilias D.S., Nanaki S., Beslikas T., Bikiaris D. (2010). PLA nanocomposites: Effect of filler type on non-isothermal crystallization. \btit{Thermochim. Acta} 511, 129–139.
\bibitem[Pavlidou e Papaspyrides, 2008]{pavlidou} Pavlidou S., Papaspyrides C.D. (2008). A review on polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. \btit{Prog. Polym. Sci.} 33, 1119–1198.
\bibitem[Perego e Cella, 2010]{auras11} Perego G., Cella G.D. (2010). Mechanical properties. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 141–153. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Petersen \bet{et al}., 1999]{petersen} Petersen K., Nielsen, P.V., Bertelsen G.B., Lawther M., Olsen M.B., Nilsson N.H., Mortensen G. (1999). Potential of biobased materials for food packaging. \btit{Trends Foos. Sci. Tech.} 10, 52–68.
\bibitem[Picard \bet{et al}., 2011]{picard} Picard E., Espuche E., Fulchiron R. (2011). Effect of an organo-modified montmorillonite on PLA crystallization and gas barrier properties. \btit{Appl. Clay Sci.} 53, 58–65.
\bibitem[Pluta, 2006]{pluta2006} Pluta M. (2006). Melt Compounding of Polylactide/Organoclay: Structure and Properties of Nanocomposites. \btit{J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys.} 44, 3392–3405.
\bibitem[Pluta \bet{et al}., 2007]{pluta2007} Pluta M., Jeszka J.K., Boiteux G. (2007). Polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites: Structure, dielectric, viscoelastic and thermal properties. \btit{Eur. Polym. J.} 43, 2819–2835.
\bibitem[Reg. 1935/2004/CE]{1935/2004/CE} Regolamento (CE) No. 1935/2004 del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio del 27 ottobre 2004. G.U.U.E. No. L338/4 del 13 novembre 2004.
\bibitem[Reg. 1895/2005/CE]{1895/2005/CE} Regolamento (CE) No. 1895/2005 della Commissione del 18 novembre 2005. G.U.U.E. No. L302/28 del 19 novembre 2005.
\bibitem[Rhim \bet{et al}., 2006]{rhim2006} Rhim J.-W., Mohanty A.K., Singh S.P., Ng P.K.W. (2006). Effect of the Processing Methods on the Performance of Polylactide Films: Thermocompression Versus Solvent Casting. \btit{J. Appl. Polym. Sci.} 101, 3736–3742.
\bibitem[Rhim \bet{et al}., 2009]{rhim2009} Rhim J.-W., Hong S.-I., Ha C.-S. (2009). Tensile, water vapor barrier and antimicrobial properties of PLA/nanoclay. \btit{LWT-Food Sci. Technol.} 42, 612–617.
\bibitem[Sch\”{a}fer, 2010]{rijkEU} Sch\”{a}fer A. (2010). UE Legislation. In Rijk R., Veraart R. \btit{Global Legislation for Food Packaging Materials}, pp. 1–25. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH \& Co., Weinheim, Germany.
\bibitem[Sinha Ray \bet{et al}., 2003a]{sinharaya} Sinha Ray S., Yamada K., Okamoto M., Ueda K. (2003). New Polylactide-layered silicate nanocomposites. 2. Concurrent improvements of material properties, biodegradability and melt rheology. \btit{Polymer} 44, 6633–6646.
\bibitem[Sinha Ray \bet{et al}., 2003b]{sinharayb} Sinha Ray S., Yamada K., Okamoto M., Fujimoto Y., Ogami A., Ueda K. (2003). New Polylactide/layered silicate nanocomposites. 5. Designing of materials with desired properties. \btit{Polymer} 44, 6633–6646.
\bibitem[Sinha Ray, 2010]{auras19} Sinha Ray S. (2010). Nanocomposites. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 311–322. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Siracusa \bet{et al}., 2008]{siracusa} Siracusa V., Rocculi P., Romani S., Dalla Rosa M. (2008). Biodegradable polymers for food packaging: a review. \btit{Trends Foos. Sci. Tech.} 19, 634–643.
\bibitem[Sir\'{o} \bet{et al}., 2010]{siro} Sir\'{o} I., Plackett D., Sommer-Larsen P. (2010). A Comparative Study of Oxygen Transmission Rates through Polymer Films Based on Fluorescence Quenching. \btit{Packag. Technol. Sci.} 23, 301–315.
\bibitem[S\”{o}derg\aa rd e Stolt, 2010]{auras3} S\”{o}derg\aa rd A., Stolt M. (2010). Industrial production of high molecular weight poly(lactic acid). In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 27–41. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Soto-Valdez, 2010]{auras13} Soto-Valdez H. (2010). Migration. In Auras R., Lim L.-T., Selke S.E.M., Tsuji H. \btit{Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing and Applications}, pp. 181–188. John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
\bibitem[Tsuji \bet{et al}., 2006]{tsuji} Tsuji H., Okino R., Daimon H., Fujie K. (2006). Water Vapor Permeability of Poly(lactide)s: Effect of Molecular Characteristics and Crystallinity. \btit{J. Appl. Polym. Sci.} 99, 2245–2252.
\bibitem[Vink \bet{et al}., 2003]{vink} Vink E.T.H., R\'{a}bago K.R., Glassner D.A., Gruber P.R. (2003). Applications of life cycle assessment to NatureWorks\texttrademark polylactide (PLA) production. \btit{Polym. Degrad. Stabil.} 80, 403–419.
%\bibitem[Weber, 2000]{weber} Weber C.J. (2000). \btit{Biobased Packaging Materials for the Food Industry},
\bibitem[Zaidi \bet{et al}., 2010]{zaidi} Zaidi L., Kaci M., Bruzaud S., Bourmaud A., Grohens Y. (2010). Effect of natural weather on the structure and properties of polylactide/Cloisite 30B nanocomposites. \btit{Polym. Degrad. Stabil.} 95, 1751–1758.
%[\.{Z}enkiewicz e Richert, 2008]{zenkiewicz} \.{Z}enkiewicz M., Richert J. (2008). Permeability of polylactide nanocomposites films for water vapour, oxygen and carbon dioxide. \btit{Polym. Test.} 27, 835–840.
\bibitem[Zhou e Xanthos, 2008]{zhou2008} Zhou Q., Xanthos M. (2008). Nanoclay and crystallinity effects on the hydrolytic degradation of polylactides. \btit{Polym. Degrad. Stabil.} 93, 1450–1459.
\bibitem[Zhou e Xanthos, 2009]{zhou2009} Zhou Q., Xanthos M. (2009). Nanosize and microsize clay effects on the kinetics of thermal degradation of polylactides. \btit{Polym. Degrad. Stabil.} 94, 327–338.
\end{thebibliography}
\chapter*{Ringraziamenti}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Ringraziamenti}
\begin{flushright}
\textit{Tommaso}
\end{flushright}
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